Fissure (rhagade)

A fissure (rhagade) is a deep, painful crack in the skin caused by dryness, pressure or inflammation. It often occurs on the heels, fingers, lips or corners of the mouth.

Causes and risk factors

• dry skin and lack of moisture (e.g. cold, heated air)
• excessive callus formation (e.g. on the heels)
• pressure and mechanical load (e.g. unsuitable footwear)
• skin diseases (e.g. eczema, psoriasis)
• nutrient deficiencies

Symptoms

• deep, painful cracks
• possible bleeding or weeping
• burning and itching
• increased risk of infection with open fissures

Treatment

• moisturising and healing: rich creams with urea, panthenol or petroleum jelly, special heel balms
• medical measures for deep fissures: antibiotic ointments for infections, cortisone creams for inflammatory skin diseases
• foot care: gentle removal of callus – best done by a podiatrist

Prevention

• daily care with rich creams
• drink enough water
• suitable shoes (not too tight or too hard)

More in our guide Cracked heels and calluses.